THE OBESIGENIC LIFESTYLE
By Alice R. Laule, M.D.
A ton of information is available on how to eat properly for health, and what
is necessary for weight loss. All this is well and good, but in a recent
Nielsen market research study, 69% of Americans interviewed admitted that they
knew better, but continued to drink soft drinks with meals, and eat more junk
food than they knew was good for them because it was just more convenient to
eat improperly. I don’t find this surprising at all. When I was owner/general
contractor our round clinic building, my time was really full. My
discipline about eating is fairly good, but I found myself stopping for fast
food, getting a soda pop once or twice for an energy buzz, and eating on the
run, often in the car. Eating properly was too time consuming.
It clearly is a matter of priorities. In our culture, one cannot make a light,
and easy decision to simply start eating better. It takes a rather formal
commitment, and a prolonged focus, and deep desire to eat better. We not only
have to turn away from foods like sugar and starches, to which we can actually
become physically addicted, we also have to turn our backs on the modern
convenience culture.
During some stresses last fall, I put on about 5 pounds that I don’t want.
Forgetting my own advice, I have been resisting that five pounds. The more
determined I am to lose it, the more it stays, or even grows. But just this
last few weeks, I decided to move toward
something, instead. I have an image
in mind of a lean, slinky tango dancer that I want to become. I know how it
looks in the mirror, I know how it feels to move around in that body. So every
time I am tempted to do comfort eating, or engage in my sugar addiction, I ask
that slinky body if it wants that cookie or not. I like the way the lean,
slinky me makes food choices.
What other factors are creating this obesity “epidemic?” One is clearly our
choice of soda pop. The calories in soda pop are enormous, and they are
calories empty of actual nutritional value. I put the five pounds on during a
weekend workshop at the O’Brien Center. I was almost too busy to eat, but did
drink several glasses of some awful commercial lemonade stuff in big plastic
bottles. I checked calorie content later, and discovered I had taken in 1,500
calories that day in NOTHING but this awful lemonade. Plus I was stressed, so
the stress hormones were discussion of
all the hormones involved in weight control. Serotonin and norepineprhine play
a role. The very far end of the small intestine, near the colon, secretes a
peptide called YY, which stimulates appetite and slows the emptying of the
stomach. Another one called glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) has several
effects that add up to appetite suppression. I will address only one more
area in detail, that is the so-called endocannibinoid system.
Have you ever wondered if there was a receptor system created in the brain that
was just waiting for humans to go inhale the smoke from some weed growing in
their backyard? The receptor system is certainly there, but only recently did
we discover the internally manufactured cannibinoids. There are two basic
types, CB1 and CB2, but for our purposes we will discuss the CB1 cannibinoids
and their receptors, located in the brain, gut, some fat tissue, and skeletal
muscle. They can actually increase insulin sensitivity and the burning of fat,
at the same time they increase the deposition of fat. Most of all, they give us
the munchies. The social pleasure of eating, the taste of the food, and the
appetite are all increased. The biggest news in weight loss medicine is
rimonabant, scheduled to be released this fall, which blocks CB1 receptors, and
thus decreases the munchies. It is available now through compounding
pharmacies. Visceral adipose tissue deposited by eating starches and sweets is
associated with increased CB1 receptors in the brain. In the
“food-as-information” paradigm, we actually instruct our body by what we eat to
change receptor levels in the hypothalamus. Fish oil actually causes change in
the hypothalamus that makes us feel full.
Next time you eat, think of this — what instructions are you giving your body?
Meanwhile, stay thin — and healthy.
Alice R. Laule, M.D.